Originally settled by the Phoenicians, and later the Greeks and Romans, Monaco has a rich and diverse history. Its location on the French Mediterranean coast, only a few miles from Nice, is what gives it unique cultural influences from both France and Italy. Since the early 1900s, Monaco has been a sovereign city-state, run by a constitutional monarchy. It is the second smallest country in the world, though very densely populated. Today, Monaco is mainly known for its vacation attraction, beaches, and luxury real estate. Its official language is French, though Italian and other European languages are also common. Though not officially a member of the European Union, Monaco nevertheless still participates in many EU policies (such as border entry policies) and uses the Euro.

A Premier Tourist Destination

Monaco attracts millions of tourists each year, and for good reason. Its beautiful beaches, resorts, shopping, and casinos--especially the world-famous Monte Carlo Casino--offer endless opportunities to visitors. May through August are Monaco's busiest tourism months, with many descending on the city for the Grand Prix and taking advantage of summer holidays. It has become especially well-known as a tourist hotspot for the extremely wealthy, both to visit and to purchase vacation or retirement homes in.